Los verbos irregulares son aquellos que no siguen las reglas normales para formar el pasado y el participio.
📌 Las tres formas de los verbos irregulares
Los verbos en inglés tienen tres formas:
| Forma | Ejemplo |
|---|---|
| Infinitivo (presente) | "Go" (Ir) |
| Pasado simple | "Went" (Fui) |
| Participio pasado | "Gone" (Ido) |
El participio pasado se usa con los verbos auxiliares "have" o "had" para formar tiempos como el presente perfecto (I have gone → "He ido") o el pasado perfecto (I had gone → "Había ido").
🔹 Tipos de verbos irregulares
✔ Totalmente irregulares → Cambian completamente en pasado y participio.
📌 Ejemplo:
- Go → Went → Gone (Ir)
- Eat → Ate → Eaten (Comer)
✔ Semi-irregulares → Cambian solo en una parte.
📌 Ejemplo:
- Buy → Bought → Bought (Comprar)
- Think → Thought → Thought (Pensar)
✔ Iguales en las tres formas → No cambian.
📌 Ejemplo:
- Cut → Cut → Cut (Cortar)
- Put → Put → Put (Poner)
✔ Iguales en pasado y participio → La segunda y tercera forma son iguales.
📌 Ejemplo:
- Keep → Kept → Kept (Guardar)
- Feel → Felt → Felt (Sentir)
📢 Resumen rápido
✔ Los verbos irregulares no siguen reglas fijas.
✔ Tienen tres formas: presente, pasado y participio.
✔ Algunos cambian por completo ("go → went → gone"), otros cambian solo un poco ("buy → bought → bought"), y otros no cambian nada ("cut → cut → cut").
✔ Hay que aprenderlos de memoria, pero hay trucos para hacerlo más fácil.
📚 Lista de verbos irregulares en inglés
| Infinitivo (Presente) | Pasado Simple | Participio Pasado | Traducción |
|---|---|---|---|
| Arise | Arose | Arisen | Surgir / Levantarse |
| Awake | Awoke | Awoken | Despertar |
| Be | Was / Were | Been | Ser / Estar |
| Bear | Bore | Born / Borne | Soportar / Nacer |
| Beat | Beat | Beaten | Golpear |
| Become | Became | Become | Convertirse en |
| Begin | Began | Begun | Empezar |
| Bend | Bent | Bent | Doblar |
| Bet | Bet | Bet | Apostar |
| Bind | Bound | Bound | Atar / Enlazar |
| Bite | Bit | Bitten | Morder |
| Bleed | Bled | Bled | Sangrar |
| Blow | Blew | Blown | Soplar |
| Break | Broke | Broken | Romper |
| Breed | Bred | Bred | Criar / Reproducirse |
| Bring | Brought | Brought | Traer |
| Broadcast | Broadcast | Broadcast | Transmitir |
| Build | Built | Built | Construir |
| Burn | Burnt / Burned | Burnt / Burned | Quemar |
| Burst | Burst | Burst | Estallar |
| Buy | Bought | Bought | Comprar |
| Catch | Caught | Caught | Atrapar |
| Choose | Chose | Chosen | Elegir |
| Come | Came | Come | Venir |
| Cost | Cost | Cost | Costar |
| Creep | Crept | Crept | Arrastrarse |
| Cut | Cut | Cut | Cortar |
| Deal | Dealt | Dealt | Tratar con |
| Dig | Dug | Dug | Cavar |
| Do | Did | Done | Hacer |
| Draw | Drew | Drawn | Dibujar |
| Dream | Dreamt / Dreamed | Dreamt / Dreamed | Soñar |
| Drink | Drank | Drunk | Beber |
| Drive | Drove | Driven | Conducir |
| Eat | Ate | Eaten | Comer |
| Fall | Fell | Fallen | Caer |
| Feed | Fed | Fed | Alimentar |
| Feel | Felt | Felt | Sentir |
| Fight | Fought | Fought | Pelear |
| Find | Found | Found | Encontrar |
| Flee | Fled | Fled | Huir |
| Fly | Flew | Flown | Volar |
| Forget | Forgot | Forgotten | Olvidar |
| Forgive | Forgave | Forgiven | Perdonar |
| Freeze | Froze | Frozen | Congelar |
| Get | Got | Got / Gotten | Obtener |
| Give | Gave | Given | Dar |
| Go | Went | Gone | Ir |
| Grow | Grew | Grown | Crecer |
| Hang | Hung | Hung | Colgar |
| Have | Had | Had | Tener |
| Hear | Heard | Heard | Oír |
| Hide | Hid | Hidden | Esconder |
| Hit | Hit | Hit | Golpear |
| Hold | Held | Held | Sostener |
| Hurt | Hurt | Hurt | Herir |
| Keep | Kept | Kept | Mantener |
| Kneel | Knelt / Kneeled | Knelt / Kneeled | Arrodillarse |
| Know | Knew | Known | Saber |
| Lay | Laid | Laid | Poner (algo en una superficie) |
| Lead | Led | Led | Guiar |
| Lean | Leant / Leaned | Leant / Leaned | Apoyarse |
| Leap | Leapt / Leaped | Leapt / Leaped | Saltar |
| Learn | Learnt / Learned | Learnt / Learned | Aprender |
| Leave | Left | Left | Dejar / Salir |
| Lend | Lent | Lent | Prestar |
| Let | Let | Let | Permitir |
| Lie | Lay | Lain | Tumbarse |
| Light | Lit / Lighted | Lit / Lighted | Encender |
| Lose | Lost | Lost | Perder |
| Make | Made | Made | Hacer |
| Mean | Meant | Meant | Significar |
| Meet | Met | Met | Conocer |
| Pay | Paid | Paid | Pagar |
| Prove | Proved | Proven / Proved | Probar / Demostrar |
| Put | Put | Put | Poner |
| Quit | Quit | Quit | Dejar (un hábito, trabajo) |
| Read | Read (se pronuncia "red") | Read (se pronuncia "red") | Leer |
| Ride | Rode | Ridden | Montar |
| Ring | Rang | Rung | Sonar (un teléfono, campana) |
| Rise | Rose | Risen | Subir / Elevarse |
| Run | Ran | Run | Correr |
| Say | Said | Said | Decir |
| See | Saw | Seen | Ver |
| Seek | Sought | Sought | Buscar |
| Sell | Sold | Sold | Vender |
| Send | Sent | Sent | Enviar |
| Set | Set | Set | Colocar |
| Sew | Sewed | Sewn / Sewed | Coser |
| Shake | Shook | Shaken | Sacudir |
| Shine | Shone | Shone | Brillar |
| Shoot | Shot | Shot | Disparar |
| Show | Showed | Shown / Showed | Mostrar |
| Shut | Shut | Shut | Cerrar |
| Sing | Sang | Sung | Cantar |
| Sink | Sank | Sunk | Hundir(se) |
| Sit | Sat | Sat | Sentarse |
| Sleep | Slept | Slept | Dormir |
| Slide | Slid | Slid | Deslizarse |
| Smell | Smelt / Smelled | Smelt / Smelled | Oler |
| Speak | Spoke | Spoken | Hablar |
| Spend | Spent | Spent | Gastar |
| Spill | Spilt / Spilled | Spilt / Spilled | Derramar |
| Spit | Spat / Spit | Spat / Spit | Escupir |
| Split | Split | Split | Dividir |
| Spread | Spread | Spread | Extender |
| Stand | Stood | Stood | Estar de pie |
| Steal | Stole | Stolen | Robar |
| Stick | Stuck | Stuck | Pegar(se) |
| Sting | Stung | Stung | Picar (como una abeja) |
| Stink | Stank / Stunk | Stunk | Apestar |
| Strike | Struck | Struck / Stricken | Golpear |
| Swear | Swore | Sworn | Jurar |
| Sweep | Swept | Swept | Barrer |
| Swim | Swam | Swum | Nadar |
| Take | Took | Taken | Tomar |
| Teach | Taught | Taught | Enseñar |
| Tear | Tore | Torn | Romper |
| Tell | Told | Told | Decir / Contar |
| Think | Thought | Thought | Pensar |
| Throw | Threw | Thrown | Lanzar |
| Understand | Understood | Understood | Entender |
| Wake | Woke | Woken | Despertarse |
| Wear | Wore | Worn | Usar / Vestir |
| Win | Won | Won | Ganar |
| Write | Wrote | Written | Escribir |