Los verbos irregulares son aquellos que no siguen las reglas normales para formar el pasado y el participio.
📌 Las tres formas de los verbos irregulares
Los verbos en inglés tienen tres formas:
Forma | Ejemplo |
---|---|
Infinitivo (presente) | "Go" (Ir) |
Pasado simple | "Went" (Fui) |
Participio pasado | "Gone" (Ido) |
El participio pasado se usa con los verbos auxiliares "have" o "had" para formar tiempos como el presente perfecto (I have gone → "He ido") o el pasado perfecto (I had gone → "Había ido").
🔹 Tipos de verbos irregulares
✔ Totalmente irregulares → Cambian completamente en pasado y participio.
📌 Ejemplo:
- Go → Went → Gone (Ir)
- Eat → Ate → Eaten (Comer)
✔ Semi-irregulares → Cambian solo en una parte.
📌 Ejemplo:
- Buy → Bought → Bought (Comprar)
- Think → Thought → Thought (Pensar)
✔ Iguales en las tres formas → No cambian.
📌 Ejemplo:
- Cut → Cut → Cut (Cortar)
- Put → Put → Put (Poner)
✔ Iguales en pasado y participio → La segunda y tercera forma son iguales.
📌 Ejemplo:
- Keep → Kept → Kept (Guardar)
- Feel → Felt → Felt (Sentir)
📢 Resumen rápido
✔ Los verbos irregulares no siguen reglas fijas.
✔ Tienen tres formas: presente, pasado y participio.
✔ Algunos cambian por completo ("go → went → gone"), otros cambian solo un poco ("buy → bought → bought"), y otros no cambian nada ("cut → cut → cut").
✔ Hay que aprenderlos de memoria, pero hay trucos para hacerlo más fácil.
📚 Lista de verbos irregulares en inglés
Infinitivo (Presente) | Pasado Simple | Participio Pasado | Traducción |
---|---|---|---|
Arise | Arose | Arisen | Surgir / Levantarse |
Awake | Awoke | Awoken | Despertar |
Be | Was / Were | Been | Ser / Estar |
Bear | Bore | Born / Borne | Soportar / Nacer |
Beat | Beat | Beaten | Golpear |
Become | Became | Become | Convertirse en |
Begin | Began | Begun | Empezar |
Bend | Bent | Bent | Doblar |
Bet | Bet | Bet | Apostar |
Bind | Bound | Bound | Atar / Enlazar |
Bite | Bit | Bitten | Morder |
Bleed | Bled | Bled | Sangrar |
Blow | Blew | Blown | Soplar |
Break | Broke | Broken | Romper |
Breed | Bred | Bred | Criar / Reproducirse |
Bring | Brought | Brought | Traer |
Broadcast | Broadcast | Broadcast | Transmitir |
Build | Built | Built | Construir |
Burn | Burnt / Burned | Burnt / Burned | Quemar |
Burst | Burst | Burst | Estallar |
Buy | Bought | Bought | Comprar |
Catch | Caught | Caught | Atrapar |
Choose | Chose | Chosen | Elegir |
Come | Came | Come | Venir |
Cost | Cost | Cost | Costar |
Creep | Crept | Crept | Arrastrarse |
Cut | Cut | Cut | Cortar |
Deal | Dealt | Dealt | Tratar con |
Dig | Dug | Dug | Cavar |
Do | Did | Done | Hacer |
Draw | Drew | Drawn | Dibujar |
Dream | Dreamt / Dreamed | Dreamt / Dreamed | Soñar |
Drink | Drank | Drunk | Beber |
Drive | Drove | Driven | Conducir |
Eat | Ate | Eaten | Comer |
Fall | Fell | Fallen | Caer |
Feed | Fed | Fed | Alimentar |
Feel | Felt | Felt | Sentir |
Fight | Fought | Fought | Pelear |
Find | Found | Found | Encontrar |
Flee | Fled | Fled | Huir |
Fly | Flew | Flown | Volar |
Forget | Forgot | Forgotten | Olvidar |
Forgive | Forgave | Forgiven | Perdonar |
Freeze | Froze | Frozen | Congelar |
Get | Got | Got / Gotten | Obtener |
Give | Gave | Given | Dar |
Go | Went | Gone | Ir |
Grow | Grew | Grown | Crecer |
Hang | Hung | Hung | Colgar |
Have | Had | Had | Tener |
Hear | Heard | Heard | Oír |
Hide | Hid | Hidden | Esconder |
Hit | Hit | Hit | Golpear |
Hold | Held | Held | Sostener |
Hurt | Hurt | Hurt | Herir |
Keep | Kept | Kept | Mantener |
Kneel | Knelt / Kneeled | Knelt / Kneeled | Arrodillarse |
Know | Knew | Known | Saber |
Lay | Laid | Laid | Poner (algo en una superficie) |
Lead | Led | Led | Guiar |
Lean | Leant / Leaned | Leant / Leaned | Apoyarse |
Leap | Leapt / Leaped | Leapt / Leaped | Saltar |
Learn | Learnt / Learned | Learnt / Learned | Aprender |
Leave | Left | Left | Dejar / Salir |
Lend | Lent | Lent | Prestar |
Let | Let | Let | Permitir |
Lie | Lay | Lain | Tumbarse |
Light | Lit / Lighted | Lit / Lighted | Encender |
Lose | Lost | Lost | Perder |
Make | Made | Made | Hacer |
Mean | Meant | Meant | Significar |
Meet | Met | Met | Conocer |
Pay | Paid | Paid | Pagar |
Prove | Proved | Proven / Proved | Probar / Demostrar |
Put | Put | Put | Poner |
Quit | Quit | Quit | Dejar (un hábito, trabajo) |
Read | Read (se pronuncia "red") | Read (se pronuncia "red") | Leer |
Ride | Rode | Ridden | Montar |
Ring | Rang | Rung | Sonar (un teléfono, campana) |
Rise | Rose | Risen | Subir / Elevarse |
Run | Ran | Run | Correr |
Say | Said | Said | Decir |
See | Saw | Seen | Ver |
Seek | Sought | Sought | Buscar |
Sell | Sold | Sold | Vender |
Send | Sent | Sent | Enviar |
Set | Set | Set | Colocar |
Sew | Sewed | Sewn / Sewed | Coser |
Shake | Shook | Shaken | Sacudir |
Shine | Shone | Shone | Brillar |
Shoot | Shot | Shot | Disparar |
Show | Showed | Shown / Showed | Mostrar |
Shut | Shut | Shut | Cerrar |
Sing | Sang | Sung | Cantar |
Sink | Sank | Sunk | Hundir(se) |
Sit | Sat | Sat | Sentarse |
Sleep | Slept | Slept | Dormir |
Slide | Slid | Slid | Deslizarse |
Smell | Smelt / Smelled | Smelt / Smelled | Oler |
Speak | Spoke | Spoken | Hablar |
Spend | Spent | Spent | Gastar |
Spill | Spilt / Spilled | Spilt / Spilled | Derramar |
Spit | Spat / Spit | Spat / Spit | Escupir |
Split | Split | Split | Dividir |
Spread | Spread | Spread | Extender |
Stand | Stood | Stood | Estar de pie |
Steal | Stole | Stolen | Robar |
Stick | Stuck | Stuck | Pegar(se) |
Sting | Stung | Stung | Picar (como una abeja) |
Stink | Stank / Stunk | Stunk | Apestar |
Strike | Struck | Struck / Stricken | Golpear |
Swear | Swore | Sworn | Jurar |
Sweep | Swept | Swept | Barrer |
Swim | Swam | Swum | Nadar |
Take | Took | Taken | Tomar |
Teach | Taught | Taught | Enseñar |
Tear | Tore | Torn | Romper |
Tell | Told | Told | Decir / Contar |
Think | Thought | Thought | Pensar |
Throw | Threw | Thrown | Lanzar |
Understand | Understood | Understood | Entender |
Wake | Woke | Woken | Despertarse |
Wear | Wore | Worn | Usar / Vestir |
Win | Won | Won | Ganar |
Write | Wrote | Written | Escribir |